Principles of Self-organization: Learning as Participation in Autocatakinetic Systems

Modem science has been built qn a Cartesian or Newtonian (mechanical) world view giving rise to an artifactual view of mind and suggesting that particles (learners) are continuously working to destroy order (are recalcitrant), which can only be maintained by an external artificer (the teacher). At the core of he Cartesian worldview is the absolute separation of mind and matter. Beginning th the separation of mind and body, Cartesianism is grounded in a set of dualisms th t separate individual from ¥ environment and leads to the belief that knowledge refers to a self-sufficient immaterial substance that can be understood independently from the individual, environ-